Risk Reduction

Risk reduction

Using common sense

These risk reduction guidelines have been suggested by experts in the field of lymphedema. While there is a lack of scientific studies these guidelines are based on observation, and physiologic principles. Sometimes lymphedema develops despite preventive efforts. Everyone has an individual anatomy, and a unique health history. In the absence of research proof, however, experts suggest maintaining a healthy active lifestyle, and keeping in mind the precautions listed here.

Exercise and deep breathing

Exercise is important to build strength, maintain joint mobility, promote healthy body weight, increase fitness and prevent injury. Lymph circulation is stimulated by exercise and deep breathing as found in the following activities: swimming and water exercises walking, gentle cycling, dance, yoga, integral tai chi, and light aerobics. A regular exercise routine also helps maintain mental as well as physical health.

	Consider your level of fitness and warm up before and cool down after exercise.
	If starting a new exercise, particularly any strenuous exercise, begin gradually.
	Build up strength over time.
	Try to avoid overdoing any exercise.
	If an affected limb starts to ache, rest and elevate it.
	Be attentive to your body response to exercise.
	Consult a doctor, nurse or therapist who is knowledgeable about exercise and about lymphedema to help decide what is right for you.
	Ask your doctor about prescribing a compression garment to wear during exercise.

Body weight

Obesity and / or weight gain after cancer treatment have been linked to the development and degree of secondary lymphedema. Obesity or weight gain also have a negative impact on those with primary lymphedema.

Try to eat a balanced diet and maintain an average body weight. Reducing protein or sodium in the diet has not been shown to have a direct influence on lymphedema. Diets high in sodium, however, are known to be unhealthy.

	Careful attention to your skin is essential to reduce risk of infection. Cleanse carefully with mild soap. Dry thoroughly and moisturize.
	Avoid procedures such as injections, blood testing or acupuncture in the affected limb.
	Be vigilant about cuts, scratches, splinters and pinpricks. Use electric razors to avoid nicks and skin irritation.
	If a cut or scratch does occur, clean the wound with soap, apply disinfectant, and, if indicated, an antibiotic ointment. Watch for signs of infection. If they appear, consult a doctor immediately.
	With lymphedema of the arm, hand or chest, pay attention to hand and nail care. Do not cut cuticles. Consider wearing medical gloves to prepare food, rubber gloves for household chores, gardening gloves for heavier tasks.
	With lymphedema of the leg or foot, pay attention to toenail and foot hygiene. Do not walk barefoot. Avoid sandals and opened-toed shoes. Wear well-fitted shoes and clean hosiery.
	Protect your skin with High protection sunscreen to avoid sunburn Insect repellent to avoid bites Non-allergenic moisturizer to prevent chapping and chafing.

	Be aware of pressure and constriction in the affected area.
	Avoid having blood pressure taken on the affected limb.
	Do not wear shoulder purses or backpack straps that constrict.
	Wear a well-fitted bra with soft shoulder straps and evenly-distributed support; avoid underwires.
	Avoid tight elastic bands on socks, stockings and undergarments.
	Avoid tightly fitted cuffs, sleeves, rings, bracelets, wrist watches.

	Be careful during heavy lifting and vigorous and repetitive movements, .eg., rubbing, scrubbing, pushing or pulling. Monitor your body’s response.
	Avoid extremes of temperature — extreme cold, prolonged exposure to heat (hot tubs and saunas).
	Consider wearing a “Lymphedema Alert” bracelet.

	When traveling by air, those with lymphedema, and those at risk of developing lymphedema should wear a compression garment in order to prevent or contain swelling caused by low atmospheric pressure.
	Consult a qualified therapist before flying.
	Move at risk limbs during flights to keep lymph flowing
	Drink sufficient water before and during flights to avoid dehydration.

For information about lymphedema, risk reduction, and management in PDF format, download the LAQ patient pamphlet "Living with Lymphedema" from the LAQ Home Page

Other useful links:

http://www.lymphovenous-canada.ca/
http://www.breastcancer.org/cmty_trans_2002_07_18.html
http://www.cancer.org/docroot/MIT/content/MIT_7_2x_Understanding_Lymphedema.asp
http://www.lymphnet.org/pdfDocs/nlnriskreduction.pdf
http://www.lymphnet.org/pdfDocs/nlnexercise.pdf
http://www.lymphnet.org/pdfDocs/nlnairtravel.pdf

DISCLAIMER: This site is for information and community support only, and should not be used as a substitute for professional medical care. Always seek the advice of your physician with any question about a health problem or medical condition. This site also includes links to websites providing information about lymphedema, but the LAQ cannot be responsible for the content of those sites.